The research in the Mechanical Engineering program in the next 15 years will grow in a targeted area of mechanical technologies for sustainability. We propose three focal areas: 1) sustainable energy systems including renewable energy, energy storage, energy efficiency, and energy transport; 2) sustainable ME technologies for complex mechanical systems, including advanced design and manufacturing, advanced control systems, mechanical properties of new materials, and advanced thermal management systems; 3) sustainable mechanical engineering technologies for interdisciplinary engineering, including bio-MEMS, mechatronics, nanotechnologies, water technologies, biomedical technologies, and air pollution monitoring and control. These technologies are all built on the core strength of basic science and engineering in the Mechanical Engineering Graduate Curriculum. Hence, such core strengths and competency of the Mechanical Engineering Graduate is essential to the success of the program. The basic research of the Mechanical Engineering program encompasses the areas of solid mechanics, dynamics, controls, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer and fluid mechanics. These areas are tightly related to the programs of physics, mathematics and biology.